this post was submitted on 19 Mar 2025
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The Linux Ship of Theseus

  1. pick any distro and install it.

  2. Then, without installing another distro over the top of it, slowly convert it into another distro by replacing package managers, installed packages, and configurations.

System must be usable and fully native to the new distro (all old packages replaced with new ones).

No flatpaks, avoid snaps where physically possible, native packages only.

EDIT: Some clarification on some of the clever tools brought up here:

chroot, dd, debootstrap, and partition editors that allow you to install the new system in an empty container or blanket-overwrite the old system go against the spirit of this challenge.

These are very useful and valid tools under a normal context and I strongly recommend learning them.

You can use them if you prefer, but The ship of Theseus was replaced one board at a time. We are trying to avoid dropping a new ship in the harbor and tugging the old one out.

It may however be a good idea to use them to test out the target system in a safe environment as you perform the migration back in the real root, so you have a reference to go by.


Easy: pick two similar distros, such as Ubuntu and Debian or Manjaro and Arch and go from the base to the derivative.

Medium: Same as easy but go from the derivative to the base.

Hard: Pick two disparate distros like Debian and Artix and go from one to the other.

Nightmare: Make a self-compiled distro your target.

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[–] mariusafa@lemmy.sdf.org 2 points 2 hours ago

Okay i'll cheat with Guix then

[–] arality@programming.dev 6 points 12 hours ago

May, I introduce you to bedrock

[–] limelight79@lemm.ee 5 points 13 hours ago

Ummm you go first.

[–] sockpuppetsociety@lemm.ee 5 points 13 hours ago

This is what I was doing with my server. I've learned there's no better feeling than starting from scratch.

[–] BeardedGingerWonder@feddit.uk 6 points 15 hours ago (2 children)

Love the idea of the challenge, my issue would be lack of a validator tool to confirm I'd completed the challenge - any suggestions?

[–] semperverus@lemmy.world 1 points 32 minutes ago* (last edited 30 minutes ago)

After completing the challenge and making sure your system is usable and can survive a reboot:

If you've kept the old package manager, search for installed packages and make sure that the package manager itself is the only thing left. Then delete it.

[–] Madagaskar_sky@lemmy.world 4 points 6 hours ago

You use the new franken system to do an update to the new version of that distro's flavour without bricking the system.

[–] steeznson@lemmy.world 3 points 14 hours ago

The compiled distros should be easy instead of nightmare tbh

[–] deadbeef79000@lemmy.nz 3 points 15 hours ago

Theoretically one could also prohibit rebooting.

IIRC kexec is pivot_root but for the kernel.

[–] diamond@lemmy.blahaj.zone 12 points 22 hours ago

kid named nixos-infect:

[–] EarlGrey@discuss.tchncs.de 8 points 21 hours ago* (last edited 21 hours ago) (1 children)

So, any distro to any other distro?

  • Installs Fedora Silverblue
  • Rebases to Bazzite

Jobs done chief!

[–] umbrella@lemmy.ml 6 points 21 hours ago (1 children)

installs ubuntu, converts to mint. bam.

[–] semperverus@lemmy.world 8 points 20 hours ago

The beauty of this exercise is you can make it as easy or challenging as you want just by changing the targets, and finding different combinations can keep things interesting.

[–] OsrsNeedsF2P@lemmy.ml 77 points 1 day ago (2 children)

I would watch a YouTube series doing this

[–] tourist@lemmy.world 30 points 1 day ago

whoever runs the channel will singlehandedly cause a worldwide antidepressant shortage

[–] sasquash@sopuli.xyz 9 points 1 day ago (1 children)

Reminds me of MattKC, a guy on YouTube who does similar stuff. He ported the .Net framework to win95. very interesting videos, if think this challenge would be exactly his type.

[–] rutrum@programming.dev 10 points 1 day ago (1 children)

Love him. His lego island port has been a pleasure to watch.

Oh he's the Lego Island guy, I thought he sounded familiar.

[–] zerofk@lemm.ee 55 points 1 day ago (1 children)
[–] antsu@lemmy.wtf 50 points 1 day ago

But the rules say the system must be usable.

[–] Kraiden@kbin.earth 17 points 1 day ago

New Game+: speedrun it

[–] GoOnASteamTrain@lemmy.ml 13 points 1 day ago (1 children)

I "broke" linux mint just by trying to pop KDE on, had to timeshift because it messed up my keyboard layout and a whole bunch of other things with my display.

I don't know how people do these crazy changes without pain, and have a feeling the answer is simply "there's pain" 😂

[–] BJ_and_the_bear@lemm.ee 4 points 14 hours ago

Reminds me of trying NsCDE… it changed a ton of settings and no other desktop looked right after that. I ended just blowing away my home folder and restoring my files

[–] villainy@lemmy.world 14 points 1 day ago

I have seen dozens of systems migrated from Gentoo to CentOS by live swapping the userspace and eventually rebooting into the new kernel. A hair raising experience to be sure.

[–] ryannathans@aussie.zone 24 points 1 day ago

Reminds me of a recent post someone converted their system from Debian to OpenBSD via SSH only

[–] gashead76@lemmy.world 24 points 1 day ago (1 children)

“Medium: Same as easy but go from the derivative to the base.”

I can't quite recall, but I think I did exactly that with Ubuntu -> Debian once upon a time. I think Ubuntu was only a year or so old though, so there wasn't a huge amount of divergence back then. As a bonus anecdote I also attempted a semi-successful build of Gentoo on a PPC Mac around the same time (nothing before or after that has compared in its level of nightmare).

I also attempted a semi-successful build of Gentoo on a PPC Mac around the same time (nothing before or after that has compared in its level of nightmare).

Amen!

[–] d_k_bo@feddit.org 6 points 1 day ago

I think it would be very interesting to convert e.g. a regular Fedora installation into a (so-called “immutable”) Fedora Silverblue installation or vice-versa.

[–] sir_pronoun@lemmy.world 16 points 1 day ago

To add sadism on top of masochism, tell all your friends how you did it in great detail

[–] Overspark@feddit.nl 13 points 1 day ago (1 children)

I once switched from Debian i386 to amd64 in-place. That was MUCH harder than you would expect, I guess somewhere between medium and hard in your list. That server is still running that install btw, so in the end it all worked out.

[–] gashead76@lemmy.world 3 points 15 hours ago (1 children)

I had forgotten about doing that myself. I did that on a couple servers once the distros had full 64 bit builds. Does that technically count as an architecture swap in-place as well?

[–] Overspark@feddit.nl 1 points 7 hours ago

Absolutely, that's basically the same thing

[–] nsrxn@lemmy.dbzer0.com 5 points 1 day ago (1 children)

debootstrap makes this easy, and familiarity with that process introduces chroot skills.

[–] semperverus@lemmy.world 1 points 1 day ago* (last edited 1 day ago) (1 children)

This goes against the spirit of the challenge, but as its a singleplayer game (unless you bring friends and SSH!) you can definitely choose to allow dd, chroot, and similar tools

[–] nsrxn@lemmy.dbzer0.com 4 points 1 day ago (1 children)

it is pretty terrifying to debootstrap over ssh. constantly checking that you're on the correct system, and using the chrooted terminal. it's like a high wire act. at least the first few times.

[–] semperverus@lemmy.world 2 points 22 hours ago* (last edited 20 hours ago)

Oh I totally believe that. I can imagine how stressful that is.

[–] sntx@lemm.ee 3 points 1 day ago (1 children)

Shouldn't everyone that installed Arch the right way be able to do it on most distros, simply after installing Pacman?

Though I think changing (shrink, create new, migrate, delete old) the partition layout would count as installing another distro on top...

Want a challange? Start with something like Silverblue.

[–] swab148@lemm.ee 3 points 1 day ago

Arch already has apt in the repo, so I'd imagine it's not super hard to build your own Debian from there.

[–] steeznson@lemmy.world 5 points 1 day ago

It is quite easy to go slackware -> gentoo from what I remember but minimalist distros might be cheating

[–] Shimitar@downonthestreet.eu 5 points 1 day ago

Linux From Scratch rulez!

Migrate from Nix to Linux From Scratch!

[–] N0x0n@lemmy.ml 2 points 1 day ago (1 children)

Is that even possible? I'm already in panic when I remove a package and it's dependencies with pacman 😅.

Sure I did replaced Thunar with Nemo, but a few things don't work exactly how it should, like opening the download directory from Firefox (Known issue BTW) even though all mime-types are correctly set !

Even switching from Alternative -> Base distro seems like a really difficult task :/

[–] kkj@lemmy.dbzer0.com 9 points 1 day ago

Possible? Absolutely. Pleasant? Hell, no.

[–] FrameXX@discuss.tchncs.de -3 points 1 day ago* (last edited 1 day ago) (3 children)

I am not educated enough about this, but don't these kind of games unnecesarrily strain all the servers that host the packages for people that really need them for download and most of these people run these servers for free in good will and faith that they will serve meaningful needs with positive impact? I am sorry for spoiling the fun, but I felt like I had to point this out.

[–] semperverus@lemmy.world 5 points 21 hours ago* (last edited 20 hours ago)

As other commenters have said, its about as strenuous as doing two normal installs.

However, if you want to do this challenge but feel guilty about the consumed resources, consider donating to the two distros you are performing this with to cover any additional service costs. In all likelihood it'll only cost them fractions of pennies, but any reason to donate to FOSS is always appreciated.

[–] patatahooligan@lemmy.world 14 points 1 day ago

How is this any less meaningful than any other use case? Is downloading a distro to play video games ok? To shitpost on social media? To watch clickbait videos on youtube? Why is this in particular a bad use of resources?

[–] communism@lemmy.ml 8 points 1 day ago (1 children)

No? It's the same amount of "strain" as doing two full OS installs of the different distros.

[–] FrameXX@discuss.tchncs.de 2 points 21 hours ago* (last edited 21 hours ago)

You are kind of right. I should have thought about that before commenting.