this post was submitted on 21 Feb 2024
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I recently decided to replace the SD card in my Raspberry Pi and reinstall the system. Without any special backups in place, I turned to rsync to duplicate /var/lib/docker with all my containers, including Nextcloud.

Step #1: I mounted an external hard drive to /mnt/temp.

Step #2: I used rsync to copy the data to /mnt/tmp. See the difference?

Step #3: I reformatted the SD card.

Step #4: I realized my mistake.

Moral: no one is immune to their own stupidity πŸ˜‚

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[–] Nibodhika@lemmy.world 60 points 8 months ago (2 children)

If you have one backup, you have no backup. That's a hard lesson to learn, but if you care about those photos it's possible to recover them if you haven't written stuff on that sdcard yet.

[–] TWeaK@lemm.ee 22 points 8 months ago (1 children)

At least 3 backups, 2 different media, 1 offsite location.

[–] krash@lemmy.ml 4 points 8 months ago

I like 3-2-1-1-0 better. Like yours, but:

  • the additional 1 is for "offline" (so you have one offsite and offline backup copy.
  • 0 for zero errors. Backups must be tested and verified.
[–] xlash123@sh.itjust.works 4 points 8 months ago

Also, if you haven't tried to restore from backup, you have no backup.

[–] space@lemmy.dbzer0.com 38 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago) (1 children)

Fuck up #1: no backups

Fuck up #2: using SD cards for data storage. SD cards and USB drives are ephemeral storage devices, not to be relied on. Most of the time they use file systems like FAT32 which are far less safe than NTFS or ext4. Use reliable storage media, like hard drives.

Fuck up #3: no backups.

[–] AtariDump@lemmy.world 1 points 8 months ago (3 children)

Would an SSD be any better than a pen drive or should it be stored on spinning rust?

[–] ShepherdPie@midwest.social 8 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago) (2 children)

In my experience, flash drives are way more reliable than SD cards and I'd put SSD and HDD above both of those.

I wish they'd just ditch the SD card on the Pi already as it's always the most likely reason why your stuff stops working. For my Pi running Home Assistant, I've swapped to an SDD as the boot drive. For the others, I still use SD cards but they're just doing basic stuff like running Klipper on my 3d printer or a (WIP) live photo frame that can be easily swapped with a replacement SD later.

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[–] space@lemmy.dbzer0.com 4 points 8 months ago (2 children)

Much better. SSDs and HDDs do monitor the health of the drives (and you can see many parameters through SMART), while pen drives and SD cards don't.

Of course, they have their limits which is why raid exists. File systems like ZFS are built on the premise that drives are unreliable. It's up to you if you want that redundancy. The most important thing to not lose data is to have backups. Ideally at least 3 copies, 1 off site (e.g. on a cloud, or on a disk at some place other than your home).

[–] Starayo@lemmy.world 1 points 8 months ago

Though not every fail state is going to show up. If you start seeing weird intermittent behaviour from a drive, for goodness sake find a way to back it up immediately.

My mum's new nuc started having some issues, SMART showed perfect drive health. After trying a few things to diagnose, I rebooted to run memtest and check for bad ram, and that was the last time it ever booted into windows. Controller or something on the nvme ssd died. Far too expensive to try and repair for data recovery. Thankfully had a... Somewhat recent backup. Not as recent as we would have liked.

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[–] bbuez@lemmy.world 3 points 8 months ago (1 children)

The best way to ensure your data lasts a long time is to use a laser to beam it to the darkest part of the sky. Read speed is abysmal though

[–] MangoPenguin@lemmy.blahaj.zone 27 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago) (1 children)

I'm just impressed an SD card in a Pi lasted since 2017 without losing all your data on its own.

For the future the general guideline is 3 copies of your data at minimum, so definitely set up some backups.

[–] AceBonobo@lemmy.world 2 points 8 months ago (1 children)

How do you actually do that?

Lots of backup software out there, I use a mix of Veeam Endpoint, Restic w/ Backblaze B2, and iDrive.

[–] ducking_donuts@lemm.ee 21 points 8 months ago (1 children)

Unless you’ve used something secure for formatting or wrote data to the SD after, consider attempting data recovery.

[–] summerof69@lemm.ee 8 points 8 months ago (1 children)

No luck with extundelete (segfault) and testdisk (sees some deleted files, but not /var/lib/docker). At least I can always throws it away and not worry about safety of my data! :)

[–] Nilz@sopuli.xyz 6 points 8 months ago (1 children)

You can always try professional data recovery services. It just depends on how much the data is worth to you.

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[–] xlash123@sh.itjust.works 19 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago) (1 children)

If you haven't done much writing to the SD card, you may be able to recover the data. Data isn't really "deleted", it is just labeled as deleted. There is software that can comb through the raw data and try to make sense of what files were there. I don't know of any specific software, so if anyone knows, please reply

Edit: Another commenter mentioned some success with DMDE

Edit 2: Worth mentioning that this is true of formats. As long as it doesn't zero out the entire media, it just edits the file system metadata to say there are no files.

[–] space@lemmy.dbzer0.com 9 points 8 months ago

PhotoRec and TestDisk are probably the best, but they don't recover file structure.

[–] turkalino@lemmy.yachts 13 points 8 months ago

Everyone else is gonna be like "if you don't have at least 3 backups of something blahblah" but you know, not everyone has the finances for that, so advice from a cheapskate computer nerd: when going through critical transfers/reformats/deletions like you were doing, ALWAYS try actually recovering stuff from the backup before you cross the point of no return. E.g. if the backup is a .zip, extract a few individual files from it and open them in their respective programs.

[–] outcide@lemmy.world 12 points 8 months ago (1 children)

There's an old saying, "Unix is user friendly, it's just fussy about it's friends."

[–] lando55@lemmy.world 5 points 8 months ago

Unix is the kind of friend who won't bat an eye about holding your beer while you go and do something incredibly stupid

[–] Geth@lemmy.dbzer0.com 10 points 8 months ago (4 children)

I know I'm going to get down voted for this but this would be almost impossible to fuck up with a gui. Yet people insist that writing commands manually is superior. I'm sorry for your loss.

[–] atzanteol@sh.itjust.works 5 points 8 months ago (1 children)

There is something to be said about CLI applications being risky by default ("rm" doesn't prompt to ask, rsync --delete will do just that). But I've definitely slipped on the mouse button while "drag & dropping" files in a GUI before. And it can be a right mess if you move a bunch of individual files rather than a sub-folder...

[–] wreckedcarzz@lemmy.world 1 points 8 months ago

At least for windows, you can ctrl-z that away and it'll handle your mouse fumble. Explorer also highlights the files after a copy so if that doesn't work (and it was a copy action), just delete them immediately.

I haven't used *nix for daily stuff in years but I'm sure the same abilities are there, surely.

[–] jkrtn@lemmy.ml 5 points 8 months ago (1 children)

Guardrails are absolutely not a reason why people prefer the CLI. We want the guardrails off so we can go faster.

[–] Geth@lemmy.dbzer0.com 3 points 8 months ago (1 children)

This is on me for sure that I've never seen anyone be faster using a CLI compared to a GUI especially for basic operations which is what most of us do 95% of the time. I know there are specific cases where a command just does it better/easier but for me that's not the case for everyday stuff.

[–] Cyber@feddit.uk 2 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago)

But what about the movies where the actors are typing commands and a visual GUI is moving around and updating on the screen (and making sound effects too).

Isn't that the best of all worlds? /s

[–] wargreymon2023@sopuli.xyz 4 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago)

Fair enough.

CLI is not about ease to begin with, it is about versatility.

[–] lhamil64@programming.dev 2 points 8 months ago

To play devil's advocate, tab completion would have also likely caught this. OP could have typed /mnt/t and it would autofill temp, or would show the matching options if it's ambiguous.

[–] bruhduh@lemmy.world 10 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago)

Testdisk and photorec, use them, they even saved my data from bricked Chinese usb flash drive, so it'll save yours unless you wrote dd if /dev/zero of /*/microsd. Also here's the tip, don't attempt to rebuild partition firstly, first step try to copy all files from microsd to another device with these programs and after that try other ways, edit: I've seen from your other comments that your data already was overwritten, my condolences

[–] notsofunnycomment@mander.xyz 10 points 8 months ago

Condolences

[–] glasgitarrewelt@feddit.de 7 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago) (6 children)

Sorry to hear, I feel you:

I wanted to delete all .m3u-files in my music collection when I learned:

find ./ -name "*.m3u" -delete -> this would have been the right way, all .m3u in the current folder would have been deleted.

find ./ -delete -name "*.m3u" -> WRONG, this just deletes the current folder and everything in it.

Who would have known, that the position of -delete actually matters.

[–] iknowitwheniseeit@lemmynsfw.com 3 points 8 months ago (1 children)

I didn't know there was a -delete option to find! I've been piping to xargs -0 for decades!

[–] derpgon@programming.dev 4 points 8 months ago

Probably because it's easier to fuck up. With piping to xargs, you are forced to put the delete command last.

[–] synapse1278@lemmy.world 2 points 8 months ago

I did this sort of mistakes too, luckily BTRFS snapshots are always here to save the day !

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[–] BCsven@lemmy.ca 6 points 8 months ago (1 children)

Unlesa you did a full zeroing format the info might still be available. There was an applicarion that attempts to rebuild the partition / Filesystem from left over meta data or inode info. I forget the name unfortunately. Normall the strings command will get your photos but probably not if they were in a docker image database.

[–] pHr34kY@lemmy.world 8 points 8 months ago (1 children)

Testdisk and photorec? It's saved me heaps of times.

[–] BCsven@lemmy.ca 2 points 8 months ago

Those are good for sure. And maybe it was testdisk. There was one that just undeleted the partition table delete. as long as new data had not been written everthing would be intact

[–] kandoh@reddthat.com 5 points 8 months ago

The bells of the Gion monastery in India echo with the warning that all things are impermanent.

[–] TORFdot0@lemmy.world 3 points 8 months ago (1 children)

I think everyone has done this. I know I have. I believe I used dmda to recover all my photos back. Unfortunately I lost all the metadata for about 3000 photos. It took years to manually retap and redate them all but at least I didn’t lose them forever

[–] d_ohlin@lemmy.world 1 points 8 months ago

This. I made a similarly boneheaded mistake a few months back and lost a fair amount of stuff. Thankfully 95+% of it was ancient program files and such that gave me a good excuse to go through and make some much needed cleanup actually happen for once.

[–] shadowbert@kbin.social 3 points 8 months ago (1 children)

My condolences :'(

I once lost a bunch of data because I accidently left a / at the end of a path... rsync can be dangerous lol

[–] blackbirdbiryani@lemmy.world 2 points 8 months ago (1 children)

Rclone is superior IMHO, you have to explicitly name the output folder. Used to think it was a hassle but in hindsight being explicit about the destination reduces mistakes.

[–] shadowbert@kbin.social 2 points 8 months ago

Sometimes you're hands are tied by the tools already on the server - but I'll try to remember to check to see if that's available next time.

[–] vsis@feddit.cl 3 points 8 months ago (1 children)

Sorry to read that.

I've dded an external drive instead of an SD card once by mistake. I've never felt more stupid than that day.

[–] KrapKake@lemmy.world 1 points 8 months ago

Classic Disk Destroyer moment.

[–] possiblylinux127@lemmy.zip 2 points 8 months ago

You are probably out of luck. If you are lucky you can use gparted to recover deleted partitions

[–] bartolomeo@suppo.fi 1 points 8 months ago

Oh man, even reading that hurt ':D I'm sorry for your loss.

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