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What's the difference aside from range, more power?
From the source with the image:
55 Grain 223 FMJ Ammo
Average muzzle velocity – 2867 fps
Average muzzle energy – 1004 ft/lbs
Bullet drop at 500 yards – 75.02 inches
147 Grain 308 FMJ Ammo
Average muzzle velocity – 2672 fps
Average muzzle energy – 2330 ft/lbs
Bullet drop at 500 yards – 61.42 inches
Slower bullet, just barely, but 2x the energy.
Let's see if I can find a ballistics gel video:
https://youtu.be/-8dZxwz9NY4
Checkout ballistic performance for 308
Here's 223
Look at the energy specifically. 308 is a 7.62mm wide projectile, compared to the 223,which is 5.56mm, meaning it's much bigger. Normal 223 you can buy is gonna be 55 gr (4 g) while 308 has a much wider range between 150 gr (10 g) to 180 gr (11.7 g). While 308 is only going 80% of the speed of 223, it's 3 times heavier.
308 energy: 2,718 ft⋅lbf (3,685 J) 223 energy: 1,265 ft⋅lbf (1,715 J) That's a little more than twice as much power.
TL;DR 308 is used for hunting animals like deer and other mid size game, most states in the US do not allow 223 to be used for hunting those types of animals (underpowered)
It means you've got someone on the loose with the capacity and mindset to absolutely twat people at a distance. See for reference the Washington Sniper.
You mean the DC sniper who used a .223 AR-15?
Correct. Now imagine someone who could fuck you up from MUCH further away
As it turns out it's much more effecient to mass murder people at relatively close range than stupidly trying to take long range skill shots, so being afraid of boogy man sniper isn't really a thing.
The problem is, everyone is now looking for him, so if he wants to continue his rampage, outskirt territory with a vantage point is the only option.
That, or if he doesn't value his life at all, do what he did last time.
Much bigger bullet.
Nothing in practical terms here. Range is irrelevant, this guy isn't shooting people from 800 yards away. Power is largely irrelevant...somewhat more trauma from a bullet wound in certain circumstances.
When talking about walking around murdering people the caliber of the rifle isn't important in the slightest. It's a rifle round, that's all you really need to know.
Cost, weight, size, terminal ballistics, noise/sound, availability...
Isn't that enough of a difference?
Huh? I know very little about weapons and wanted to know more.