rutrum

I feel like Im dancing around perhaps the most fundamental piece of my operating system everytime I run and install software. Starting services with systemctl and checking logs with journalctl is the extent of my knowledge.

Do you know of good resources or tutorials for learning how systemd works and how to use it to run software on my desktop and servers? Thanks.

Typically when I'm working with photos, I'm doing graphic design type work. I've been using GIMP for this. GIMP is meant for raster graphics editing.

You could also use Inkscape for vector graphics, or Krita for more digital painting type work. But I know all these tools are very powerful and overlap on some use cases.

Do you use any AI-type tools? I use a image upscaler called Upscayl. It works really well and works entirely locally.

Do you know of any tools that can remove backgrounds? This would help with help with the type of graphic design I do.

What other tools do you like to use as it pertains to images?

I just setup my first automated and encrypted backup with borg. It's got me thinking about other chaotic events, and how to respond accordingly. I figured now is a good time to document my infrastructure: hardware, network, a files. This way if something bad happens, like my house burns down, I or a family member has instructions for how to quickly recover data and services. Examples:

1. If my website goes down, with my nextcloud on it, what steps do I need to take to recover the data and restore service?
2. If my harddrive fails, how do I access lost data and reimplement redundancy after a replacement is stood up?
3. If someone important to me needs to access encrypted files, how can that access that data and get access to the passwords/encryption keys?
4. If my phone bricks, how to recover 2fa codes?

So I'd like to have a physical printing copy that tries to cover these emergency scenarios. Of course, I'll have digital copy around as well.

I'm focusing more on digital assets, like encryption keys, personal files and media, cloud service access, accessing inaccessible machines, how to restart/recover from self hosted service if its down, etc. I understand how much wider this document can be to include physical assets, so to start I want to start with digital infrastructure.

So my big questions: what scenarios should be documented in this disaster recovery document? What should I prepare for? The nice correlary of this is that documenting a recovery plan will force me to actually stand up the backups/redundancy needed to recover.

I just got a drawing tablet, and have been wanting some software that would allow me to work out math problems, draw architecture diagrams, etc. I've seen some tools like Excalidraw, which look handy for the sharing capabilities. I also have just used plain krita, which has great feedback for the pen sensitivity, but obviously is overkill for whiteboarding.

Are there any tools you use or recommend for handwriting or picture drawing? Pen or mouse?

I'm in desparate need of setting up borgmatic for borg backup. I would like to encrypt my backups. (I suppose, an unencrypted backup is better than none in my case, so I should get it done today regardless.)

How do I save those keys? Is there a directory structure I follow? Do you backup the keys as well? Are there keys that I need to write down by hand? Should I use a cloud service like bitwarden secrets manager? Could I host something?

Im ignorant on this matter. The most I've done is add ssh keys to git forges and use ssh-copyid. But I've always been able to access what I need to without keeping those (I login to the web interface.) Can you share with me best practices or what you do to manage non-password secrets?

TabbyML is a self-hosted code assistant. I have been unsuccessful at running it using my Nvidia GPU. There's two ways I've tried to deploy this.

As a docker container

Following the docs, it states I run the following docker run command. Below is what I run, modified to use the correct port:

docker run -it --gpus all \
  -p 11029:8080 -v $HOME/.tabby:/data \
  tabbyml/tabby serve --model StarCoder-1B --device cuda

Then I get the following error:

docker: Error response from daemon: could not select device driver "" with capabilities: [[gpu]].

So this would appear that I don't have the "nvidia-container-toolkit" installed on my machine. So I go ahead and enable this in nixos:

hardware.nvidia-container-toolkit.enable = true;

To validate that this works, I should be able to run nvidia-smi from within a container. I can run this from the host without issue:

$ nvidia-smi
Wed Jun  5 08:14:50 2024
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 550.78                 Driver Version: 550.78         CUDA Version: 12.4     |
|-----------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+
...and so on

But if test this from a container, as the nvidia docs suggest as follows, I unable to access it from within the container.

$ sudo docker run --rm --runtime=nvidia --gpus all ubuntu nvidia-smi
docker: Error response from daemon: unknown or invalid runtime name: nvidia.

Okay, so I go and read the instructions further. Install instructions state that after installation, I need to configure the runtime like so:

$ sudo nvidia-ctk runtime configure --runtime=docker
sudo: nvidia-ctk: command not found

Ah nuts. That's a bug in nixos. I made a PR for this here: https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/317199 Still awaiting results from this. I don't know if this is a bug that will be backported to 24.05. Regardless, I wouldn't expect this ad-hoc configuration when I enable the nvidia-container-toolkit option in NixOS. Anyway, this option could still work but with some more time. If you have advice doing this let me know.

FOUND Docker method solution

So looking closer at people with the error message "no such runtime nvidia" I found this thread. It specifies that what nvidia-ctk is supposed to do is add a "runtime" that points to the nvidia-container-runtime executable. So I tried manually adding that my nixos configuration by using the virtualisation.docker.daemon.settings options. I was having trouble getting that working, because I needed to find the exact path to the nvidia-container-runtime executable. If you know Nix, you know that it isn't just in /usr/bin/.

But that's still not a satisfying solution anyway...I shouldn't have to this. I went in deeper and looked at module for nvidia-container-toolkit. This module calls a script called cdi-generate.nix. It outputs the results of nvidia-ctk to a file called nvidia-container-toolkit.json.

Let's go look for that file...can't find it. I do more searching...anyway, I found the solution.

The nvidia-container-toolkit is a new option in NixOS 24.05. It explicitly states in the release notes that it is supposed to replace the now deprecated virtualisation.{docker, podman}.enableNvidia options. Well, when you go look at the module that defines docker.enableNvidia you see it there at the bottom! This file actually defines the nvidia runtime!

And yes, it works. Using the now "deprecated" option is the one that actually works. I guess this is another bug to file to NixOS.

This seems to work so far, but I don't know why the solution using a NixOS module doesn't work either.

As a NixOS module

Let's just do it the full NixOS module way (which is what I tried first). That should be easy. Let's enable the feature and set some options:

services.tabby = {
    enable = true;
    port = 11029;
    acceleration = "cuda";
  };
  networking.firewall.allowedTCPPorts = [ 11029 ];

It appears to be working! VSCodium extension sees the server and prompts for a authentication token. I add the token. I type some code and set for a manual trigger...then tabby dies. Let''s look at the systemd logs.

tabby[76786]: 📄 Version 0.11.1
tabby[76786]: 🚀 Listening at 0.0.0.0:11029
tabby[76786]:   JWT secret is not set
tabby[76786]:   Tabby server will generate a one-time (non-persisted) JWT secret for the current process.
tabby[76786]:   Please set the TABBY_WEBSERVER_JWT_TOKEN_SECRET environment variable for production usage.
systemd[1]: tabby.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
systemd[1]: tabby.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
systemd[1]: tabby.service: Consumed 2.285s CPU time, received 121.0K IP traffic, sent 1.6M IP traffic

That's it. It's not very descriptive about what happened. I've had success running it this way using the "cpu" option for acceleration (no GPU) but that's too slow to be useful.

GPU specs

I am running a Nvidia RTX 2060 and using the proprietary drivers version 550.

Thanks for the read, if you have any input on what to do next let me know what I can try. Ideally, I'd like to have both options work, since I think the docker implementation may have the same problem as the NixOS module option.

I'm sure doing it manually is the safest, but perhaps there's a least poison for software/services for filing US taxes. What do you recommend? (or, atleast, what do you recommend steering clear of)

I have a google pixel, and I know I could install grapheneOS on it. But I'm very, very hesitant, since I depend so much on my phone.

This isn't like distro hopping, where I feel more comfortable hot swapping ssds, or making partitions, or using my desktop while I tinker with my laptop. My phone has a SIM and the service I depend on can't be emulated off this phone.

So what do you recommend I do? Should I move my SIM (my phone service, really) to a new phone while I tinker with this one? Can I just blow up the current OS and wing it? Or maybe theres another option that would allow me to bail back to stock android in case something goes wrong. What do you think?

EDIT: how I use my phone: about everything I use is from fdroid, with the occassional app from aurora. I do use my banking app to cash checks, but I don't use whatsapp, google pay, which I know arent compatible. So as far as app compatibility I dont think it'll be a problem, Im mostly worried about my phone number not working. I dont know how SIMs work like I should, I just know Ive had the strangest issues in the past with it, so Im hesitant. Thanks for the replies so far.

I've recently aquired the hardware to build a home server/NAS. I'd love to know some community-guided advice on tools I should consider, and what best practices are?

For instance, how does redundancy work? Whay about automated backups? What OS should be running on a NAS? What utilities can I use to monitor the safety of my data? Perhaps even a guide about how to safely share that data outside my home network for personal use, or even open for the internet, without compromising my network?

Thanks for the discussion

You know, ZFS, ButterFS (btrfs...its actually "better" right?), and I'm sure more.

I think I have ext4 on my home computer I installed ubuntu on 5 years ago. How does the choice of file system play a role? Is that old hat now? Surely something like ext4 has its place.

I see a lot of talk around filesystems but Ive never found a great resource that distiguishes them at a level that assumes I dont know much. Can anyone give some insight on how file systems work and why these new filesystems, that appear to be highlights and selling points in most distros, are better than older ones?

Edit: and since we are talking about filesystems, it might be nice to describe or mention how concepts like RAID or LUKS are related.

Dust is a rewrite of du (in rust obviously) that visualizes your directory tree and what percentage each file takes up. But it only prints as many files fit in your terminal height, so you see only the largest files. It's been a better experience that du, which isn't always easy to navigate to find big files (or atleast I'm not good at it.)

Anyway, found a log file at .local/state/nvim/log that was 70gb. I deleted it. Hope it doesn't bite me. Been pushing around 95% of disk space for a while so this was a huge win 👍

I came across privacy.com, a service that generates virtual credit cards, like aliases for your real credit card that can be paused or discarded at any moment.

My own credit card company has this feature. But it requires a browser plugin that so obviously is there to track my spending habits, so I've not wanted to consider it. Privacy.com looks like a great alternative.

But is it even worth it? It may be a hastle, but I can also cancel my actual credit card at any moment and they will send me a new number immediately and a card a few days later. From a privacy prospective, how much can a company use my credit card credentials to track me? Maybe a third-party virtual card provider even masks my own purchases so not even my credit card company knows? Not sure about that one.

Please share if you use one, who its with, and if its worth it.