In the US, there are positive and negative stereotypes, too. German efficiency and Japanese perfectionism and perseverance are among them. Jewish intelligence and commitment to education, too. These things have a basis in reality, of course, but they shouldn't be mistaken for reality itself. It seems to me these things appearing in your textbooks were probably attempts by your own government to get its people to emulate what it sees as positive traits in other cultures, rather than an attempt by foreign adversaries to paint Chinese people as inferior. Of course, when the message was a little too unclear or negative as in the "toxic textbooks" incident, your government deflected blame.

[–] blackberry@lemmy.ml 1 points 6 months ago

It seems that the saying "the moon is brighter abroad" applies to many countries. China's situation might be a bit more unique, so let me explain in more detail. Since you are American, some of the descriptions below might sound offensive to you. I apologize for that and will try to stick to factual statements, which might help explain why many Chinese people illegally immigrate to the United States.

From the 1990s until the US-China trade war (which most people consider starting with the US sanctions on ZTE in 2018), foreign countries (especially developed countries like those in Europe and the US) were seen as paradises on Earth. Online, phrases like "Reincarnate as an American in the next life" were blessings (perhaps similar to saying "God bless you and may you go to heaven"), while "Eternally being Chinese" was considered a curse (similar to saying "I curse you to be eternally tormented in hell by Satan"). Due to online propaganda, such as "You can buy a big piece of fried chicken for one dollar in the US," "You can easily live in a 500-square-meter mansion in the US," or "Washing dishes in the US can earn you $3000 a month," many Chinese people were very attracted to these ideas and believed them to be true. Even from my perspective now, I couldn't buy 3000 pieces of chicken with a month's salary.

When the US-China trade war started, the idea of "surrendering to the US for leniency" gained traction in China. How could a developing country possibly compete with the world's leading superpower? Many supporters of China online can only believed that, in terms of military power, the US couldn't completely destroy China. Then came the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019. Initially, the Chinese government's poor performance further fueled this mindset. However, as the pandemic became global, several things changed the online narrative:

China managed to control the pandemic fairly well.
The performance of Western developed countries in controlling the pandemic was poor in comparison.
Some people began sharing their lives abroad without filters, showing both the good and bad aspects of foreign countries (of course, some people only highlighted the bad parts for attention).
At that time, some American politicians called for a coalition to make China pay for the pandemic, and there was talk of a new G8, which directly triggered online anger at the prospect of a "new Eight-Nation Alliance." Simultaneously, the Hong Kong riots intensified this idea: Western powers led by the US were again attempting to carve up China.

You could see this as a struggle between "pro-American" and "self-reliant" factions in China. The pro-American faction had been cultivating their views for years, while the self-reliant faction garnered more support from ordinary people. The two sides fought fiercely online. However, as I mentioned, the pro-American faction's exaggerated claims about foreign countries often needed only a photo to be debunked, leading them to frequently resort to personal attacks, further diminishing their influence.

By 2022, with the onset of the Russia-Ukraine war, Chinese public opinion split between supporting Russia and Ukraine. Due to differences in transliterations of the Russian president's name between Taiwan ("Puding") and mainland China ("Putin"), people suspected that Taiwan was engaging in cognitive warfare against the mainland, leading to broader suspicions that developed countries were also waging cognitive wars against China, especially Japan. The phrase "700 million yen from the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs" is often used sarcastically to mock supporters of Japan.

Currently, on the Chinese internet, those who advocate for Ukraine and Israel are generally assumed to be bots or paid shills, as they can't explain their support logically. Support for Ukraine and Palestine is based on opposition to invasion, while support for Russia and Palestine aligns with China's interests. Supporting Russia and Israel suggests a belief in the power of might, but supporting both Ukraine and Israel? Chinese people wouldn't think like that.

This is why 30,000 to 40,000 Chinese people have illegally crossed from Mexico into the US. They come with suitcases, bringing their families, and often carrying tens of thousands of dollars in cash. When asked by journalists why they came to the US, they repeatedly say, "For freedom and democracy." I am not at all surprised that Trump thinks these people are spies. If foreigners illegally crossed into China just to "build communism," most people would think they were crazy and wonder why they didn't just submit a migration application. The truth is that, in their eyes, the US is a "land flowing with milk and honey," similar to how Marco Polo described "China being paved with gold" (history doesn't repeat itself, but it rhymes🤣 ).They are actually coming to the US for a better life. Most of these people are of no use to the US and can only compete for low-threshold basic jobs, which is why they can't immigrate legally and resort to illegal entry.