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iPhone 15 can limit battery charge to 80%. Does this mean there’s now battery passthrough?
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You’re right that batteries can’t be both in a “charging” and “discharging” state at the same time. However, a workload drawing 1 A from a battery and a charger supplying 2 A leads to net gain of 1 A, aka “charging”.
It isn’t both charging and discharging, it’s just in a state of charging, despite the workload it’s performing. Likewise, the battery can provide 2 A while only being charged 1 A, leading to a state of discharging.
So, a battery can totally power a device while simultaneously being charged, which I believe is how iPhones currently operate. The battery is always in the power path. Willing to be wrong, that’s just my current understanding.
The battery is not always in the power path. I thought that was how it worked for a long time but got clarification from a writer at anandtech who used to do SoC deep dives. When plugged in the iPhone is directly powered by the wall adapter, excess goes into the battery.