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Is Trump disqualified for the N.H. primary? The secretary of state is seeking legal advice
(www.bostonglobe.com)
this post was submitted on 28 Aug 2023
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Elections for president, senators, and representatives are run solely by the states. It's why we have multiple different "kinds" of federal elections. The election process depends on what state you're in, and how the state legislature has determined to organize that election. Most states - but not all - are "winner take all" for electoral college votes. Maine and Nebraska split those votes based on proportion of popular vote.
So, because states are the only place where federal elections are operated, each state would need to adjudicate who is eligible to be on the ballot for a given office. Coincidentally, this is exactly why Mark Meadows' claim that he was performing the duties of his office as White House Chief of Staff when participating in the pressuring of Brad Raffensperger to change the outcome of the Georgia presidential election fails. Nobody in the federal government has any business being involved in elections operated by a state. Doing so is, by definition, not part of the duties of any federal position.
Yes, fifty separate decisions, in theory. However, the moment one state (especially one where Trump has any chance of winning the popular vote therein, so not California, for example) decides to disqualify Trump from being on the ballot for president, there will be a legal challenge to that action. And because the rule here is one enshrined in the US Constitution, the case would likely be very quickly passed up to or appealed to federal court, possibly SCOTUS.
But federal courts may decline to hear the case, since, as above, states decide how to run elections. And if a state has determined that someone is ineligible to be on the ballot, ... nobody in the federal government has any business there.
New Mexico has already made moves to remove someone at state level from the ballot for being in the Capitol on Jan 6. That case didn't go all the way through, the election happened and the guy lost, so it was moot. But they did get as far as positively defining Jan 6 as an "insurrection," and seemed ready to follow through with disqualification.
In practice, only a handful of swing (or red, somehow) states would need to disqualify Trump to prevent him from being elected. If you fall short of 270 electoral college votes, you lose. You don't have to disqualify all states, just enough to make 270 electoral votes a statistical impossibility.